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Boost教程（三）多线程
|C++Boost|
Word count: 443|Reading time: 2 min

在Linux上，Boost使用多线程还得用到filesystem和system模块，否则会报错，可能是thread模块用到了它们，因此cmake这样写

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find_package(Boost COMPONENTS filesystem system thread REQUIRED)

add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} "main.cpp" )
target_link_libraries(untitled  ${Boost_FILESYSTEM_LIBRARY} 
        ${Boost_SYSTEM_LIBRARY}  
        ${Boost_THREAD_LIBRARY})

头文件只需要#include <boost/thread.hpp>

对于ROS环境，库文件已经包含在${catkin_LIBRARIES}当中

join

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void thread_1(int n)
{
    cout<<"slot1: "<<n<<endl;
}

void thread_2(int n)
{
    cout<<"slot2: "<< 2*n<<endl;
}

int main()
{
    int n = 13;
    boost::thread th_1 = boost::thread(boost::bind(&thread_1,n));
    th_1.join();
    boost::thread th_2 = boost::thread(boost::bind(&thread_2,n));
    th_2.join();

    cout<<endl<<"end"<<endl;
    return 0;
}

没有两个join()会有多种结果：

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slot2: 26end

slot1: 13

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slot1: end
13
slot2: 26
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slot1: slot2: 13
26

end

可见几个线程的执行顺序乱套了，给两个线程都加join()才确定顺序是 线程１－线程２－主线程，如果只加一个，剩下两个线程的顺序还是不确定。

boost::condition

程序如下，main函数里要把上面两个线程的join交换一下，先执行线程2，这样在线程2里的随机数如果大于90，会唤醒线程1。如果先执行线程1，会一直阻塞，程序没法向下执行了。

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boost::mutex mut;
boost::condition cond;
boost::mutex::scoped_lock _lock(mut);

void thread_1(int n)
{
    while(true)
    {
        cond.wait(_lock);
        cout<< "thread 1: "<<rand()%50 <<endl;
        sleep(1);
    }
}

void thread_2(int n)
{
    int m;
    while(true)
    {
        m = 50 + rand()%50;
        cout<< "thread 2: "<< m <<endl;
        if(m>90)
        {
            cond.notify_one();
            cout<<"thread 2 wake thread 1   ";
        }
        sleep(1);
    }
}

某次的测试结果：

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thread 2: 65
thread 2: 93
thread 2 wake thread 1   thread 1: 35
thread 2: 86
thread 2: 92
thread 2 wake thread 1   thread 1: 49
thread 2: 71